Herewith we
have presented the routine ritual of Lord Jagannath at Puri, Odisha, India on
the normal days. But, the routine is different on the festive days.
One can have
‘‘Darshan’’ of the Lords at the “Ratna Singhasana” free of cost during the ‘Shahanamela’
at certain times of the day. This is the place to get a glimpse of the God from
the closest distance. Devotees also can avail
paid ‘Darshan’, called “Parimanik Darshana” at certain other times. At present
the amount of the paid fees is Rs. 25 per one person. At other times the
pilgrims can have their ‘Darshan’ from a little distance that is in “Jagamohan”
and “Vitarakatha”.
The Daily Rituals on Normal Days:
Dwarphita & Mangal Alati” At 5 A.M. (Opening Of the Door and Morning
Prayer)
Early in the
morning at 5 A.M. ‘Singhadwara’, the main gate of the temple opens and sacrosanct
lamps are offered to the deities. This ritual is called ‘Mangal Alati’.
“Mailam” At 6
A.M.
The next
ritual is “Mailam”. This ritual includes
alteration of the dresses and flowers of the Lords that was worn on the
previous night. This outfit of the God consists of two dresses, “Tadapa”and
“Uttariya”.
“Abakash” –
6 A.M. To 6.30 A.M.
“Abakash” is
the rites like brushing of teeth and making the God to bath. During the ritual the
Temple Jyotisha (Astrologer) reads out the tithi and other astrological details
of the day and the rituals are performed accordingly.
“Mailam” At 6.45
A.M.
Now the
deities change their clothes (Tadap & Uttariya) and wear another set of
clothes. A sevak known as “Akhanda Mekap” keeps in the ‘Akhanda Baitha’, the
lamp not to be gone out till ‘Pahada’, the sleeping time of the Lords late at
night.
“Sahanamela” – 7a.m. to 8 a.m.
This one
hour is the time when the pilgrims can enter up to the ‘Gambhiraa’ the
innermost chamber near the Ratnavedi where the deities are present. This ‘‘Darshan’’
is allowed without any fees. However, on certain festive days, ‘Sahanamela’ is
held after “Sandhya dhupa” (Evening Puja or Sandhya Alati) in the month of ‘Kartika’
and after ‘Sakaladhupa’, the morning offering in the month of ‘Pausha’. On
certain special days this ‘‘Darshan’’ is not allowed for some special rituals
of the deities.
“Beshalagi” At 8 A.M.
After Sahanamela the deities are further
adorned with gold and precious gemstones as per the occasion. This attire can
be witnessed from ‘Bhitara Katha’.
Rosha Homa, Surya Puja, and Dwarapal Puja- 8 A.M. To 8.30 A.M.
While some sevayats
are busy with vesha lagi of the Deities, Pujapandas at that time perform ‘Rosha
Homa’ (Fire Sacrifice) at the kitchen and ‘Surya puja’ at the Sun temple near ‘Mukti
Mandap’. It is followed by the worship of the two gate keepers of the God,
named Jaya and Vijay.
Gopala Ballava Puja at 9 A.M.
(Breakfast of the God)
‘Gopala
Ballava Puja’, the breakfast of the deities is offered at about 9 A.M. This ‘‘Bhoga’’
includes sweet popcorn (Khai), Khualadus, Coconuts sweets (Kora), ripe banana,
Curd and chipped coconuts etc. Puja is performed in a concise manner with ‘Pancha
upachar” (five elements).
Sakala Dhupa
(Morning Food Offering) 10 A.M.
At this time
puja is performed by three Pujapandas with 16 Upachars or Sodasha Upachars.
Three Pujapandas used to sit on Ratnasinhasana to worship three deities Shri
Balabhadra, Subhadra, and Lord Jagannath. The Pujapanda who worships Lord
Jagannath also worships Sri Devi, BhuDevi, and 'SuDarshan’. The morning ‘Bhoga’
or food offered to the deities contains Anna (Rice), Kanika, Khechudi, Green
leaves, Cakes etc... The prescribed names of the offerings are Pitha Puli,
Hansakeli, Kanti, Enduri, Matha Puli, Kakatua Jhili, Bundia, Kadali Bhaja, Ada
Pachedi etc.
Mailam & ‘Bhoga’ Mandap at 11
A.M.
After
Morning Dhupa or Puja the Deities changed their Clothes” and again Puja takes
places in “‘Bhoga’ Mandap “, a place behind the Garuda pillar of Jagamohan.
Huge quantity of ‘Bhoga’s such as Rice, Dal, Curries, Saga and Cakes of
different kind etc.are offered to the Deities. Pujapandas worship this bhog
with Pancha Upachars. The cost of ‘Bhoga’ Mandap offerings are not borne by the
state or Temple Administration. This ‘Bhoga’ is mainly prepared to meet the
need of different Mathas (Monasteries) and for sale to the general public.
According to the demand, ‘Bhoga’mandap Puja is made twice or thrice a day i.e. after”
Madhyanha Dhoop” and “Sandhya Dhup” also.
Madhyanha
Dhupa (Afternoon Food Offering) 11a.M. To 1 P.M.
Like ‘Sakala
Dhupa’, this puja is also performed with Sodasa Upachar in the afternoon. The ‘Bhoga’
items are more in number than that of Morning Dhupa. One can go near to the ‘Ratna
Singhasan’ for ‘Darshan’ by paying special ‘Darshan’ fee @ Rs 25 /- after
Madhynha Dhupa & Sakala Dhupa.
Madhyanha Pahudha 1 P.M. To 1.30
P.M.
If rituals have been performed in
time and if time permits, the Deities retire for the afternoon.
Sandhya Alati
In the
evening again sacred lamps are offered to the deities after Madhyana Dhupa
Mailam. On Ekadasi day, the deities change their clothes and wear another set
after “Alati” is over.
Sandhya Dhupa – 7 P.M. To 8 P.M.
After
“Sandhya Alati” again ‘Bhoga’s are offered to the deities in the same manner
like Sakala and Madhyan Dhupa but this time ‘Bhoga’ amount is less in quantity
and number. After Puja again lamp offering is made which is called as “Jaya
Mangala Alati”.
Mailam and Chandana Lagi
After “Sandhya
Dhoopa” deities change their clothes and are anointed with Sandal paste mixed
with camphor, keshar and Musk (Kasturi). One can witness this ritual by paying
special Darsan fees.
Badasinghar Besha
After
Chandan lagi, deities are dressed with Baralagi Patta (silken robes on which
some portions of Geeta Govinda of Jayadev are woven in to the texture of these
robes) and flower ornaments.
Badasinghara ‘Bhoga’
This is the
last ‘Bhoga’ of the day. Puja is offered With Pancha Upachar by the Puja Pandas
with Pakhal (watered rice), Kadali bada, Kshiri, Kanji etc.
Khata Seja Lagi and Pahada at
12.00 in the Night
The beds of
the deities are arranged. The Deity of “Sayan Thakura” is carried from the ‘Bhandarghar’
and is placed on the Ratnavedi or Ratnasinghashana near Lord Jagannath. The
ritual is followed by offering of green cocoanut, betels and camphor alati and
then deities retire to their beds.
Now all
rituals are over. The ‘Talichha Mohapatra’ closes the main door, seals it and
the temple is closed.